Pearls are softer and more sensitive than most gems. A few simple habits keep their luster for years.
What to remember
- GIA suggests wiping cultured pearls with a very soft, clean cloth after each wearing.
- Warm, soapy water is fine for an occasional thorough clean; let strung pearls dry completely before wearing.
- Pearls should never go in an ultrasonic or steam cleaner.
- Hair spray, perfume, cosmetics and even perspiration can damage pearls.
Pearls are made by living mollusks, and that organic origin makes them softer and more sensitive than most gemstones. They don’t need complicated care, just a few consistent habits.
What damages pearls
According to the Gemological Institute of America (GIA), pearls are vulnerable to all acids and many other chemicals, including hair spray, perfume, cosmetics and even perspiration. High heat can burn pearls or cause discoloration, splitting or cracking.
Everyday care
| Habit | Why it helps |
|---|---|
| Put pearls on after makeup, perfume and hair spray | Keeps chemicals off the surface |
| Wipe them with a very soft, clean cloth after wearing | Removes skin oils and residue |
| Store them separately in a soft pouch | Prevents scratches from harder jewelry |
| Keep them away from heat | Avoids damage and discoloration |
Occasional cleaning
GIA says warm, soapy water is safe for an occasional, thorough clean. If your pearls are strung, make sure the string is completely dry before wearing them, since wet silk can stretch and attract dirt.
Buying tip: Lay strung pearls flat on a soft towel to dry after cleaning. Hanging them while the silk is wet can stretch the thread.
What never to use
Pearls should never be cleaned in an ultrasonic or steam cleaner, according to GIA. Avoid jewelry dips, abrasive cloths and household cleaners, too. Our guide to cleaning jewelry at home lists other gems that need the same care.
Before you buy: If a valuable strand needs restringing, or a pearl has been damaged, take it to a jeweler experienced with pearls rather than attempting a repair at home.
A gift that lasts
With good care, pearls can be worn for decades and passed down. That’s one reason they’re the traditional gift for a 30th anniversary, as our anniversary gift guide explains.
Common jewelry questions
Should I wear my pearls often?
Yes. Wearing pearls is fine as long as you keep them away from cosmetics and wipe them afterward. Many owners say pearls look their best when worn.
How should I store pearls?
Keep them separately in a soft pouch or lined box, so harder jewelry can’t scratch them. Many jewelers suggest storing strands flat rather than hanging them.
How do I know if my pearls need restringing?
If the silk looks stretched, dirty or frayed, or you can see gaps between the knots, ask a jeweler to restring them.